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Metacognition, Greek for "after" "thought" (cognition), refers to the human capacity to be aware of and control one's own thoughts and internal mental processes. Metacognition has been studied for several decades by researchers, originally as part of developmental psychology and neuropsychology .
Monitoring and control might be further divided into subprocesses depending on the types of inputs, computations, and outputs required at different stages of the memory process. For example, monitoring abilities appear to be sufficiently different during encoding-based and retrieval-based metamemory judgments to constitute different monitoring ...
[3] [4] Research has shown that both components of metacognition play key roles in metaconceptual knowledge and learning. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 4 ] Metamemory , defined as knowing about memory and mnemonic strategies, is an important aspect of metacognition.
William Graves Perry Jr. was born in Paris and graduated from Harvard University. [3] He was the son of architect William G. Perry and Eleanor Gray (Bodine) Perry. [4]He was a professor of education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education and founder and longtime director of the Bureau of Study Counsel.
Metacognition can be defined as "thinking about thinking". [5] Over the course of the training, cognitive biases subserving positive symptoms are identified and corrected. The current empirical evidence assumes a connection between certain cognitive biases, such as jumping to conclusions, and the development and maintenance of psychosis. [3]
The metacognitions questionnaire is a self-report scale assessing different dimensions of metacognitive beliefs (beliefs about thinking). Examples of metacognitive beliefs are; "Worry is uncontrollable", "I have little confidence in my memory for words and names", and "I am constantly aware of my thinking".
The research emerged in part from William G. Perry's research on the cognitive intellectual development of male Harvard College students. [1] [4] Developmental theories of epistemic cognition in this model have been developed by Deanna Kuhn and others, with a focus on the sequential phases of development characterising changes in views of knowledge and knowing.
Flavell is known for his research into metacognition and the child's theory of mind; he is credited for coining the term metacognition, [10] [11] and as the founder of metacognition theory. [12] [13] He has also published widely on children's developing understanding of the distinction between appearance and reality.