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Ocular dominance, sometimes called eye preference or eyedness, [1] is the tendency to prefer visual input from one eye to the other. [2] It is somewhat analogous to the laterality of right- or left- handedness ; however, the side of the dominant eye and the dominant hand do not always match. [ 3 ]
Ocular dominance columns are stripes of neurons in the visual cortex of certain mammals (including humans [1]) that respond preferentially to input from one eye or the other. [2] The columns span multiple cortical layers , and are laid out in a striped pattern across the surface of the striate cortex (V1).
Ocular dominance columns are also found in the striate cortex. These columns were found to prefer crossing iso-orientation lines perpendicularly. During microelectrode experiments, it is normal to see penetrations where eye dominance changes between the contralateral eye and ipsilateral eye but this does not interrupt the orientation sequence. [7]
If an animal's dominant eye is sutured early in life and kept sutured through the visual critical period (monocular deprivation), the cortex permanently responds preferentially to the eye that was kept open, resulting in ocular dominance shift. However, if the eye is sutured after the critical period, the shift does not occur.
There are many types of topographic maps in the visual cortices, including retinotopic maps, ocular dominance maps and orientation maps. Retinotopic maps are the easiest to understand in terms of topography. Retinotopic maps are those in which the image on the retina is maintained in the cortices (V1 and the LGN).
Hubel and Wiesel received the Nobel Prize for two major contributions: firstly, their work on the development of the visual system, which involved a description of ocular dominance columns in the 1960s and 1970s; and secondly, their work establishing a foundation for visual neurophysiology, describing how signals from the eye are processed by ...
When their on-screen chemistry in Mr. and Mrs. Smith went from reel to real, audiences were hooked. Now, years after their divorce, audiences are still curious about their blended family and the ...
Sinistral and dextral, in some scientific fields, are the two types of chirality ("handedness") or relative direction.The terms are derived from the Latin words for "left" (sinister) and "right" (dexter).