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Contemporary crowdsourcing often involves digital platforms to attract and divide work between participants to achieve a cumulative result. Crowdsourcing is not limited to online activity, however, and there are various historical examples of crowdsourcing. The word crowdsourcing is a portmanteau of "crowd" and "outsourcing".
Crowd computing is a form of distributed work where tasks that are hard for computers to do, are handled by large numbers of humans distributed across the internet.. It is an overarching term encompassing tools that enable idea sharing, non-hierarchical decision making and utilization of "cognitive surplus" - the ability of the world’s population to collaborate on large, sometimes global ...
Microtasking is the process of splitting a large job into small tasks that can be distributed, over the Internet, to many people. [6] Since the inception of microwork, many online services have been developed that specialize in different types of microtasking.
Crowdcasting is the combination of broadcasting and crowdsourcing. The process of crowdcasting uses a combination of push and pull strategies first to engage an audience and build a network of participants and then harness the network for new insights. Those insights are then used to shape broadcast programming.
Crowdfunding allows for small start-ups and individual journalists to fund their work without the institutional help of major public broadcasters. Stories are publicly pitched using crowdfunding platforms such as Kickstarter, Indiegogo, or Spot.us. The funds collected from crowdsourcing may be put toward travel expenses or purchasing equipment.
TopCoder is a crowdsourcing company with a global community of designers, developers, data scientists, and competitive programmers who compete to develop the best solutions for Topcoder customers. Organizations like IBM, Honeywell, and NASA work with Topcoder to accelerate innovation, increase bandwidth, and tap into hard-to-find expertise. [110]
[3] [4] Crowdsourcing is a method for harnessing specific information from a large, diverse group of people. [5] Unlike social collaboration, which involves much communication and cooperation among a large group of people, crowdsourcing is more like individuals working towards the common goal relatively independently.
Grier is considered an expert on the concept of crowdsourcing and the future of the work force on an international scale. His book When Computers Were Human explored early want of using massed labor to process data and showed that most of the ideas of crowdsourcing predated the internet.