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  2. XOR swap algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XOR_swap_algorithm

    Using the XOR swap algorithm to exchange nibbles between variables without the use of temporary storage. In computer programming, the exclusive or swap (sometimes shortened to XOR swap) is an algorithm that uses the exclusive or bitwise operation to swap the values of two variables without using the temporary variable which is normally required.

  3. Swap (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swap_(computer_programming)

    In addition, swapping two variables in object-oriented languages such as C++ may involve one call to the class constructor and destructor for the temporary variable, and three calls to the copy constructor. Some classes may allocate memory in the constructor and deallocate it in the destructor, thus creating expensive calls to the system.

  4. Compare-and-swap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compare-and-swap

    Single compare, double swap Compares one pointer but writes two. The Itanium's cmp8xchg16 instruction implements this, [15] where the two written pointers are adjacent. Multi-word compare-and-swap Is a generalisation of normal compare-and-swap. It can be used to atomically swap an arbitrary number of arbitrarily located memory locations.

  5. Heap's algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heap's_algorithm

    A map of the 24 permutations and the 23 swaps used in Heap's algorithm permuting the four letters A (amber), B (blue), C (cyan) and D (dark red) Wheel diagram of all permutations of length = generated by Heap's algorithm, where each permutation is color-coded (1=blue, 2=green, 3=yellow, 4=red).

  6. Bubble sort - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubble_sort

    Take an array of numbers "5 1 4 2 8", and sort the array from lowest number to greatest number using bubble sort. In each step, elements written in bold are being compared. Three passes will be required; First Pass ( 5 1 4 2 8 ) → ( 1 5 4 2 8 ), Here, algorithm compares the first two elements, and swaps since 5 > 1.

  7. Standard swap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_swap

    In computer science, the standard swap or three point turn [citation needed] is a programming paradigm that exchanges the values of two variables.. By using a third variable, whose value is otherwise of no concern, to hold the value of the first, and then assigning the second's to the first, and the third's back to the second, the values of the first two are swapped.

  8. Read–modify–write - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read–modify–write

    2n − 2: n-register assignment; 2: test-and-set, swap, fetch-and-add, queue, stack; 1: atomic read and atomic write; It is impossible to implement an operation that requires a given consensus number with only operations with a lower consensus number, no matter how many of such operations one uses. [2]

  9. Double compare-and-swap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_compare-and-swap

    Double compare-and-swap (DCAS or CAS2) is an atomic primitive proposed to support certain concurrent programming techniques. DCAS takes two not necessarily contiguous memory locations and writes new values into them only if they match pre-supplied "expected" values; as such, it is an extension of the much more popular compare-and-swap (CAS ...