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Institutional discrimination is discriminatory treatment of an individual or group of individuals by institutions, through unequal consideration of members of subordinate groups. Societal discrimination is discrimination by society. These unfair and indirect methods of discrimination are often embedded in an institution's policies, procedures ...
Reverse discrimination is a term used to describe discrimination against members of a dominant or majority group, in favor of members of a minority or historically disadvantaged group. Reverse discrimination based on race or ethnicity is also called reverse racism. [1]
Such exclusionary forms of discrimination may also apply to disabled people, minorities, LGBTQ+ people, drug users, [7] institutional care leavers, [8] the elderly and the young. Anyone who appears to deviate in any way from perceived norms of a population may thereby become subject to coarse or subtle forms of social exclusion.
Reverse sexism is a controversial term for discrimination against men and boys, or for anti-male prejudice. [1] [2] [3]Reverse sexism has been compared by sociologists to reverse racism and "reverse ethnocentrism" in that both are a form of backlash by members of dominant groups (e.g., men, whites, or Anglos). [4]
Institutionalized discrimination also exists in institutions aside from the government such as religion, education, and marriage among many other. Routines that encourage the selection of one individual over another, for instance in an employment situation, is a form of institutionalized discrimination. The phenomenon occurs unintentionally at ...
Reverse racism, sometimes referred to as reverse discrimination, [1] is the concept that affirmative action and similar color-conscious programs for redressing racial inequality are forms of anti-white racism. [2]
Gender discrimination may encompass sexism and is discrimination toward people based on their gender identity [73] or their gender or sex differences. [74] Gender discrimination is especially defined in terms of workplace inequality. [74] It may arise from social or cultural customs and norms. [75]
Institutional racism, also known as systemic racism, is a form of institutional discrimination based on race or ethnic group and can include policies and practices that exist throughout a whole society or organization that result in and support a continued unfair advantage to some people and unfair or harmful treatment of others.