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Terrestrial fungi play critical roles in nutrient cycling and food webs and can shape macroorganism communities as parasites and mutualists. Although estimates for the number of fungal species on the planet range from 1.5 to over 5 million, likely fewer than 10% of fungi have been identified so far.
Marine fungi can also be found in sea foam and around hydrothermal areas of the ocean. [112] A diverse range of unusual secondary metabolites is produced by marine fungi. [113] Mycoplankton are saprotropic members of the plankton communities of marine and freshwater ecosystems.
Altogether the ocean occupies 71 percent of the world surface, [4] averaging nearly 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) in depth. [27] By volume, the ocean provides about 90 percent of the living space on the planet. [4] The science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke has pointed out it would be more appropriate to refer to planet Earth as planet Ocean. [28] [29]
In the ocean, they provide a crucial source of food to many small and large aquatic organisms, such as bivalves, fish, and baleen whales. Marine plankton include bacteria, archaea, algae, protozoa, microscopic fungi, [4] and drifting or floating animals that inhabit the saltwater of oceans and the brackish waters of estuaries.
The ocean represents the largest continuous planetary ecosystem, hosting an enormous variety of organisms, which include microscopic biota such as unicellular eukaryotes (protists). Despite their small size, protists play key roles in marine biogeochemical cycles and harbour tremendous evolutionary diversity.
Other studies have found high concentrations of plastics in the area in which zooplankton accumulate, and these anthropogenic particles may resemble zooplankton and thus be taken up by animals ...
One of Earth’s deepest mysteries lies beneath our feet: the planet’s inner core. Made of iron and nickel, the hot, solid sphere is about 70% the size of the moon.
Terrestrial fungi – contain appendages of marine fungi (trichomycetes) The majority of mycoplankton species are higher fungi, found in the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota phyla. [8] Genome sequencing is a common way to assess and categorize aquatic fungi. Fungi are Eukaryotes, and as such it is often the 18s rDNA which is sequenced. [7]