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The vastus medialis is a muscle present in the anterior compartment of thigh, and is one of the four muscles that make up the quadriceps muscle. The others are the vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius and rectus femoris. [1] It is the most medial of the "vastus" group of muscles. The vastus medialis arises medially along the entire length of ...
The Drehmann sign describes a clinical test of examining orthopedic patients and is widely used in the functional check of the hip joint. It was first described by Gustav Drehmann (Breslau, 1869–1932). [1] The Drehmann sign is positive if an unavoidable passive external rotation of the hip occurs when performing a hip flexion.
X-rays of hip dysplasia are one of the two main methods of medical imaging to diagnose hip dysplasia, the other one being medical ultrasonography. [1][2] Ultrasound imaging yields better results defining the anatomy until the cartilage is ossified. When the infant is around 3 months old a clear roentgenographic image can be achieved.
1 in 1,000 (term babies) [3] Hip dysplasia is an abnormality of the hip joint where the socket portion does not fully cover the ball portion, resulting in an increased risk for joint dislocation. [1] Hip dysplasia may occur at birth or develop in early life. [1] Regardless, it does not typically produce symptoms in babies less than a year old. [3]
Trendelenburg's sign. Trendelenburg's sign is found in people with weak or paralyzed abductor muscles of the hip, namely gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. [1] It is named after the German surgeon Friedrich Trendelenburg. It is often incorrectly referenced as the Trendelenburg test which is a test for vascular insufficiency in the lower ...
An orbital blowout fracture is a traumatic deformity of the orbital floor or medial wall that typically results from the impact of a blunt object larger than the orbital aperture, or eye socket. [1] Most commonly this results in a herniation of orbital contents through the orbital fractures. [1] The proximity of maxillary and ethmoidal sinus ...
Trendelenburg gait, named after Friedrich Trendelenburg, is an abnormal human gait. It is caused by weakness or ineffective action of the gluteus medius muscle and the gluteus minimus muscle. Gandbhir and Rayi point out that the biomechanical action involved comprises a class 3 lever, where the lower limb's weight is the load, the hip joint is ...
appendicitis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The psoas sign, also known as Cope's sign (or Cope's psoas test[1]) or Obraztsova's sign, [2] is a medical sign that indicates irritation to the iliopsoas group of hip flexors in the abdomen, and consequently indicates that the inflamed appendix is retrocaecal in orientation (as the iliopsoas muscle is ...