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But others have pointed out that prior work tended to examine good outcomes that happened to be common (such as owning one's own home) and bad outcomes that happened to be rare (such as being struck by lightning). [23] [24] [25] Event frequency accounts for a proportion of prior findings of comparative optimism. People think common events (such ...
Illusory superiority has been found in individuals' comparisons of themselves with others in a variety of aspects of life, including performance in academic circumstances (such as class performance, exams and overall intelligence), in working environments (for example in job performance), and in social settings (for example in estimating one's ...
Simplified graphical comparison of bipolar I, bipolar II and cyclothymia [1] [2]: 267 . Hypomania (literally "under mania" or "less than mania") [3] is a psychiatric behavioral syndrome [4] characterized essentially by an apparently non-contextual elevation of mood (i.e., euphoria) that contributes to persistently disinhibited behavior.
Some researchers include a metacognitive component in their definition. In this view, the Dunning–Kruger effect is the thesis that those who are incompetent in a given area tend to be ignorant of their incompetence, i.e., they lack the metacognitive ability to become aware of their incompetence.
“Confidence is the duct tape of communication — it can patch over a lot of holes, at least temporarily,” Dr. Gerharz shared. “Speak boldly enough, and people might just overlook the fact ...
Confidence plays an underappreciated role in happiness and well-being. Some people naturally have more of it than others. You can raise yours with these five tips.
Hindsight bias is more likely to occur when the outcome of an event is negative rather than positive. [14] This is a phenomenon consistent with the general tendency for people to pay more attention to negative outcomes of events than positive outcomes.
There are plenty of examples of overly confident experts leading followers astray. Think back to the 1998 implosion of Long-Term Capital Management , a hedge fund run by several Nobel Prize winners.