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Some chemotherapy drugs are used in diseases other than cancer, such as in autoimmune disorders, [166] and noncancerous plasma cell dyscrasia. In some cases they are often used at lower doses, which means that the side effects are minimized, [166] while in other cases doses similar to ones used to treat cancer are used.
A chemotherapy regimen is a regimen for chemotherapy, defining the drugs to be used, their dosage, the frequency and duration of treatments, and other considerations. In modern oncology, many regimens combine several chemotherapy drugs in combination chemotherapy. The majority of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy are cytostatic, many via ...
Side effects of ABVD can be divided into acute (those occurring while receiving chemotherapy) and delayed (those occurring months to years after completion of chemotherapy). Delayed side effects have assumed particular importance because many patients treated for Hodgkin lymphoma are cured and can expect long lives after completion of chemotherapy.
Cell-cycle specific chemotherapy drugs only affect cells when they are dividing, whereas cell-cycle non-specific drugs affect cells when they are at rest. [13] Lomustine is a cell cycle non-specific, highly lipophilic alkylating agent which produces chloroethyl carbenium ions and carbamylating intermediates in vivo.
Recently, there has been a change in cancer treatment toward less toxic, more customized regimens. Metronomic chemotherapy, which involves regularly giving patients low dosages of chemotherapy drugs, is one instance of this. [46] This technique has been shown to have the potential to change the tumor microenvironment and limit tumor growth. [47]
This is called "combination chemotherapy"; most chemotherapy regimens are given in a combination. [12] Since chemotherapy affects the whole body, it can have a wide range of side effects. Patients often find that they start losing their hair since the drugs that are combatting the cancer cells also attack the cells in the hair roots.
Cisplatin is administered intravenously as short-term infusion in normal saline for treatment of solid and haematological malignancies. It is used to treat various types of cancers, including sarcomas, some carcinomas (e.g., small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and ovarian cancer), lymphomas, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, [9] and germ cell tumors.
In order to develop more effective first-line chemotherapy regimen for aggressive lymphomas, some researchers tried to add toposide to the standard [R]-CHOP regimen. [7] There were also attempts to further improve the efficacy of the [R]-CHOEP regimen with escalating the chemotherapy doses. This mode was called [R]-High-CHOEP. However, it did ...