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Cause and Host Alternaria: Small water-soaked lesions, maturing into sunken and brown spots with or without a yellow halo. May show concentric rings with purple margins. Necrotic tissue may fall out to appear shot-holed. Leaf spot on many plants and crops. Septoria: Small brown spots, that turns light tan to white in the centre. Leaf spot on ...
Secondary or summer spores called conidia form in whitish patches on the undersides of leaves in tiny, concave fruiting bodies called acervuli. These conidia are horn-shaped and have hydrophilic outer cell walls that make them easily miscible in water. When spread during rain or by wind they can cause new leaf infections. [9]
Shot hole disease is a major concern of the stone fruit industry. It is estimated that 80% of the California almond crop may be infested with shot hole disease, resulting in a potential yield loss of 50-75%. [3] In the 1930s, it was found that applications of Bordeaux mixture reduces shot hole disease on peaches from 80% to 9%.
The bacteria thrives in moist environments, and produces a cream to yellow bacterial ooze, which, when dry, appears light colored and scale-like, resulting in a streak on the leaves. The invasion of the head of wheat causes bands of necrotic tissue on the awns , which is called Black Chaff. [14]
Fat little buds, which resemble balloons, open to reveal purple-blue, pink or white star-shaped blooms. These add charm to any perennial bed, but they don’t like soggy soils so make sure to ...
Prolonged exposure to overspray of glyphosate will cause yellow leaves and new leaves will be small and elongated. Hormone weed sprays (e.g. 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T) may cause grotesque new growth with thin twisted leaves and distorted buds. Plants may die in severe cases.
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Chalcoscelis albiguttata-pest of leaves [1] leaf eating, gelatine grub (Chalcocelis albiguttatus) [3] scale insect (Coccoidea) [1] scale insect, soft scale (Coccus sp.) [3] durian fruit borer, durian husk borer, yellow peach moth, Queensland bollworm (Conogethes punctiferalis syn. Monogatus puntiferalis and Dichocrocis punctiferalis) [1] [3]