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Chiang Kai-shek [a] (31 October 1887 – 5 April 1975) was a Chinese politician, revolutionary, and military commander who was the leader of the Nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) party and commander-in-chief and Generalissimo of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) from 1926, and leader of the Republic of China (ROC) in mainland China from 1928.
Chiangism (Chinese: 蔣介石主義; Wade–Giles: Chiang 3 Chieh 4-shih 2 chu 3 i 4), also known as the Political Philosophy of Chiang Kai-shek (Chinese: 蔣介石的學說; Wade–Giles: Chiang 3 Chieh 4-shih 2 ti 4 hsüeh 2 shuo 1), or Chiang Kai-shek Thought, is the political philosophy of President Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, who used it during his rule in China under the Kuomintang on ...
Since Chiang Kai-shek betrayed the democratic revolution led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen in 1927, he has always been the symbol of imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism in China, insisting on opposing the Communist Party and the people in a dictatorial and traitorous manner.
Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Kuomintang, also known as the Chinese Nationalist Party, led by Chiang Kai-shek, was ruling China and strongly opposed the Chinese Communist Party as it was funded and militarily backed by the COMINTERN (Soviet Union) and pursuing a communist revolution to overthrow the Republic of China.
Chiang Ching-kuo, President of the Republic of China (1978–1988), Chiang Hsiao-yen, Vice Chairman of the Kuomintang (2009–2014), and more. Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo, who have been presidents of the Republic of China, are often called collectively as “ Two Chiangs ” ( 兩蔣 ).
While Chiang Kai-shek's original One-China philosophy maintained Taiwan as its sole legitimate representative, a stance at the time recognized by the international community, his son, confronted by Taiwan's declining international status and the rise of China's power and relevance, could no longer maintain the same hard stance and openly ...
Chiang Kai-shek, The Man who Lost China (1952) The 1960s saw the "Great Leap Forward" in mainland China lead to catastrophic famines and millions of deaths, as well as progress by the PRC towards possible development of nuclear weapons. Thus, Chiang Kai-shek saw a crisis-opportunity to launch an attack to reclaim mainland China.
In Jiangxi, the new life movement was driven by the motivation of Chiang Kai-Shek and his encirclement campaigns to eradicate communism in the province. The movement was intended to mobilise society against communism and provide a viable alternative system of administration.