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The Knockeen Portal Tomb has five large uprights and two capstones in total. There is a doorstone to the structure with straight faces that does not bear any of the overall weight. It is, however, similar in size to the other four standing stones. [3] The monument measures 3.5 metres (11 ft) high and 2.1 metres (6 ft 11 in) wide.
Great dolmen – Type of dolmen in Nordic megalith architecture; Inuksuk – Inuit built stone landmark or cairn; Polygonal dolmen – Type of dolmen with five to nine supporting stones; Rectangular dolmen – Rectangular, enlarged or extended dolmen; Simple dolmen – Early form of dolmen or megalithic tomb
Brownshill Dolmen (Irish: Dolmain Chnoc an Bhrúnaigh) is a very large megalithic portal tomb situated 3 km east of Carlow, in County Carlow, Ireland. Its capstone weighs an estimated 150 metric tons, and is reputed to be the heaviest in Europe. [2] The tomb is listed as a National Monument. [3]
The dolmen dates from around 3500 BC, and has traditionally been identified as a communal burial. Under this theory the existing stones formed the portal and main chamber of the tomb, which would originally have been covered by a large mound of stones about 30 m (98 ft) long and 17 m wide. [4]
Portal stones are a pair of Megalithic orthostats, usually flanking the entrance to a chamber tomb or opposite the axial stone of an axial stone circle. They are commonly found in dolmens. Examples may be seen at Bohonagh and Knocknakilla. A trilithon at Stonehenge
Proleek dolmen is composed of two portal stones, a lower backstone and a massive capstone, which weighs about 40 tonnes. [5] The portal faces northwest. 90 metres (100 yd) to the SE is a Wedge-shaped gallery grave ("Giant's Grave") with a 6.7 m (22 ft) gallery.
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In a 1961 survey of megalithic tombs in Ireland, Irish scholars Seán Ó Nualláin and Rúaidhrí de Valera describe four categories of megalithic tombs: court cairns, portal dolmens, wedge-shaped gallery graves, and passage tombs. [3] This appears to be one of the first uses of the term.