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The history of education in Africa can be divided into pre-colonial and post-colonial periods. [1] Since the introduction of formal education by European colonists to Africa, education, particularly in West and Central Africa, has been characterized by both traditional African teachings and European-style schooling systems.
United Kingdom: South Sudan Education Programmes plans for the building of 32 primary and 4 secondary schools, the delivery of millions of textbooks, and to target impediments to girls' education; European Union: plans for 100 new schools to be built; The biggest problem facing these international aid efforts is underfunding.
Black education received one-tenth of the resources allocated to white education; [2] throughout apartheid, black children were educated in classes with teacher-pupil ratios of 1:56. [2] Dilapidated school buildings, a lack of textbooks, and poor teacher training were problems that the department was never able (or willing) to address.
In 2008, activists and education experts met to discuss issues of inequality in South Africa’s education system. They recognized the need to mobilise communities and organise around key issues centering young people. This vision led to the formation of the democratic, membership-based organisation called Equal Education (EE).
A meaningful compulsory education implies the necessity to treat 'basic education' and 'compulsory education' equally. This means that education should be universal during the period of compulsory basic education. Compulsory education needs to be universal for all children regardless of their social class, gender, or ethnic group. [18]
Major problems have hindered the development of Chadian education since independence. Financing has been very limited. Limited facilities and personnel also have made it difficult for the education system to provide adequate instruction. Overcrowding is a major problem; some classes have up 100 students, many of whom are repeaters.
By the late 1980s, under Benin's Marxist government, the quality of education was seriously eroded. By 1989, the education system was in a state of collapse. [10] A key event in the reform of education in Benin was the national Conference on Education (Etats Généraux de l'Education, EGE) held in 1990 which adopted a national policy and strategy to improve education. [10]
Education is compulsory through the age of 12 years. [17] Primary school education has been free since 2000; however, families must pay for uniforms and book fees. [17] Tuition and fees at the secondary school level remain unaffordable for many families. [17] In 2002, the gross primary enrollment rate was 108 percent. [17]