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The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic that occurred in Europe from 1346 to 1353. It was one of the most fatal pandemics in human history; as many as 50 million people [2] perished, perhaps 50% of Europe's 14th century population. [3] The disease is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and spread by fleas and through the air.
The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic, which reached England in June 1348. It was the first and most severe manifestation of the second pandemic, caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria. The term Black Death was not used until the late 17th century.
In 2017 and November 2019 the countries with the most cases include the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Madagascar, and Peru. [1] Local outbreaks of the plague are grouped into three plague pandemics, whereby the respective start and end dates and the assignment of some outbreaks to either pandemic are still subject to discussion. [2]
A plague doctor and his typical apparel during the 17th century. The second plague pandemic was a major series of epidemics of plague that started with the Black Death, which reached medieval Europe in 1346 and killed up to half of the population of Eurasia in the next four years.
Black Death (start of the second plague pandemic) 1346–1353 Eurasia and North Africa: Bubonic plague: 75–200 million (30–60% of European population and 33% percent of the Middle Eastern population) [49] Sweating sickness (multiple outbreaks) 1485–1551 Britain (England) and later continental Europe Unknown, possibly an unknown species of ...
The precise path of the plague is not known, but it traveled along well-established commercial and trade routes. [10] Historians have questioned why the Black Death did not reach Russia from the south, given that there was increased commercial contact with Crimea and the Golden Horde; [9] [4] Russian chronicles also recorded a second wave of ...
On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 69% of 42 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 6/10. The website's critical consensus states, "A broad spoof of the Black Death teeming with amusing performances, The Decameron ' s dark streak of humor can border on the flippant but makes for a pretty fun pestilential party."
By the end of 1350 the Black Death had subsided, but it never really died out in England over the next few hundred years: there were further outbreaks in 1361–62, 1369, 1379–83, 1389–93, and throughout the first half of the 15th century. [30]