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This permission must be set for executable programs, in order to allow the operating system to run them. When set for a directory, the execute permission is interpreted as the search permission: it grants the ability to access file contents and meta-information if its name is known, but not list files inside the directory, unless read is set also.
Adds read and execute permissions for all classes chmod u=rw,g=r,o= internalPlan.txt: Sets read and write permission for user, sets read for Group, and denies access for Others: chmod -R u+w,go-w docs: Adds write permission to the directory docs and all its contents (i.e. Recursively) for owner, and removes write permission for group and others
A core security feature in these systems is the file system permissions. All files in a typical Unix filesystem have permissions set enabling different access to a file. Unix permissions permit different users access to a file with different privilege (e.g., reading, writing, execution).
Some operating systems define an execute permission which can be granted to users/groups for a file when the file system itself supports it. On Unix systems, the execute permission controls access to invoking the file as a program, and applies both to executables and scripts.
The DOS-based Windows ME, Windows 98, Windows 95 and previous versions of non-NT Windows only operated on the FAT filesystem, did not support filesystem permissions [4] and therefore privileges are effectively defeated on Windows NT-based systems that do not use the NTFS file system.
Supervisor mode is "an execution mode on some processors which enables execution of all instructions, including privileged instructions. It may also give access to a different address space, to memory management hardware and to other peripherals. This is the mode in which the operating system usually runs." [12]
The current Linux manual pages for su define it as "substitute user", [9] making the correct meaning of sudo "substitute user, do", because sudo can run a command as other users as well. [10] [11] Unlike the similar command su, users must, by default, supply their own password for authentication, rather than the password of the target user.
Linux also supports mandatory locking through the special -o mand parameter for file system mounting , but this is rarely used. Some Unix-like operating systems prevent attempts to open the executable file of a running program for writing; this is a third form of locking, separate from those provided by fcntl and flock.