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Hubble's scheme divides galaxies into three broad classes based on their visual appearance (originally on photographic plates): [4] Elliptical galaxies have smooth, featureless light distributions and appear as ellipses in images. They are denoted by the letter "E", followed by an integer n representing their degree of ellipticity on the sky. [5]
Hubble defined two classes of irregular galaxy: [16] Irr I galaxies have asymmetric profiles and lack a central bulge or obvious spiral structure; instead they contain many individual clusters of young stars; Irr II galaxies have smoother, asymmetric appearances and are not clearly resolved into individual stars or stellar clusters
Spiral galaxies form a class of galaxy originally described by Edwin Hubble in his 1936 work The Realm of the Nebulae [1] and, as such, form part of the Hubble sequence. Most spiral galaxies consist of a flat, rotating disk containing stars , gas and dust , and a central concentration of stars known as the bulge .
Abell 2744 galaxy cluster – Hubble Frontier Fields view (7 January 2014). [1] Abell 383, the giant cluster of elliptical galaxies in the centre of this image, contains so great a mass of dark matter that its gravity bends the light from a background object into an arc, a phenomenon known as strong gravitational lensing.
The giant elliptical galaxy ESO 325-4. An elliptical galaxy is a type of galaxy with an approximately ellipsoidal shape and a smooth, nearly featureless image. They are one of the three main classes of galaxy described by Edwin Hubble in his Hubble sequence and 1936 work The Realm of the Nebulae, [1] along with spiral and lenticular galaxies.
Brightest distant galaxy (z > 6, 12.9 billion light-years) Galaxy Cosmos Redshift 7 is reported to be the brightest of distant galaxies (z > 6) and to contain some of the earliest first stars (first generation; Population III) that produced the chemical elements needed for the later formation of planets and life as we know it. [5] [140]
Abell 2744 galaxy cluster – Hubble Frontier Fields view (7 January 2014). [1]The Abell catalog of rich clusters of galaxies is an all-sky catalog of 4,073 rich galaxy clusters of nominal redshift z ≤ 0.2.
The brightest galaxy in the image is named SDSS J1156+1911, taken by Hubble [9] BCGs are divided into various classes of galaxies: giant ellipticals (gE), D galaxies and cD galaxies. [10] cD and D galaxies both exhibit an extended diffuse envelope surrounding an elliptical-like nucleus akin to regular elliptical galaxies.