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In a 12-month study of a continuous COCP regimen, 59% of women experienced no bleeding in months six through twelve and 79% of women experienced no bleeding in month twelve. [19] Extended or continuous use of COCPs or other combined hormonal contraceptives carries the same risk of side effects and medical risks as traditional COCP use.
The bleeding is usually light, often referred to as "spotting," though a few people may experience heavier bleeding. [citation needed] It is estimated that breakthrough bleeding affects around 25% of combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) users during the initial 3 to 4 months of use, it then usually resolves on its own. [8] [9]
Side effects of CICs, besides menstrual bleeding changes, are minimal. [26] The most prominent side effects of CICs are menstrual irregularities during the first 3 to 6 months of use. [1] Dysmenorrhea has been reported in 30 to 65% of women. [26] Other side effects include breast tenderness/pain, headache, and libido changes. [26]
[1] [4] [3] Treatment may involve acetaminophen or ibuprofen. [1] Birth control pills may be used for prevention. [1] It is not serious, though may reoccur. [3] Mittelschmerz affects about 20 to 40% of women. [2] [4] The term is from the German for "middle pain". [3] Its presence has been used to manage fertility. [4]
The side effects of cyproterone acetate (CPA), a steroidal antiandrogen and progestin, including its frequent and rare side effects, have been studied and characterized.It is generally well-tolerated and has a mild side-effect profile, regardless of dosage, when it used as a progestin or antiandrogen in combination with an estrogen such as ethinylestradiol or estradiol valerate in women.
"Menopause is when you go 12 months consecutively without a period, which means without the use of medications, like birth control, that prevent your period from coming each month," Tang tells ...
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Irregular menstrual bleeding and spotting in individuals taking progestogen-only pills, especially in the first months after starting. [47] [48] This side effect may be bothersome but is not dangerous, and most users report improved bleeding patterns with longer usage. May cause mastalgia (breast tenderness, pain)