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The concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are expressed as parts per million by volume (abbreviated as ppmv, or ppm(v), or just ppm). To convert from the usual ppmv units to ppm mass (abbreviated as ppmm, or ppm(m)), multiply by the ratio of the molar mass of CO 2 to that of air, i.e. times 1.52 (44.01 divided by 28.96).
Prior to the 1950s, measurements of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations had been taken on an ad hoc basis at a variety of locations. In 1938, engineer and amateur meteorologist Guy Stewart Callendar compared datasets of atmospheric CO 2 from Kew in 1898–1901, which averaged 274 parts per million by volume (), [4] and from the eastern United States in 1936–1938, which averaged 310 ppmv, and ...
Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane increased again, reaching record annual levels in 2024, at 422 parts per million, according to Copernicus. Carbon dioxide concentrations in ...
Carbon dioxide is soluble in water and is found in groundwater, lakes, ice caps, and seawater. It is a trace gas in Earth's atmosphere at 421 parts per million (ppm), [a] or about 0.042% (as of May 2022) having risen from pre-industrial levels of 280 ppm or about 0.028%.
An alarming new report from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography shows a record-breaking amount of CO2 in our atmosphere. According to NBC, the new tests show the level of carbon dioxide, a ...
= milligrams of pollutant per cubic meter of air at sea level atmospheric pressure and T: ppmv = air pollutant concentration, in parts per million by volume T = ambient temperature in K = 273. + °C 0.082057338 = Universal gas constant in L atm mol −1 K −1: M = molecular mass (or molecular weight) of the air pollutant
Carbon dioxide reached a record of 422 parts per million, or 2.9 parts per million higher than it was in 2023. Once in the atmosphere, carbon dioxide—and its ability to warm our planet—remains ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 10 January 2025. Gas in an atmosphere with certain absorption characteristics This article is about the physical properties of greenhouse gases. For how human activities are adding to greenhouse gases, see Greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gases trap some of the heat that results when sunlight heats ...