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Islam [a] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, [9] the religion's founder. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims , who are estimated to number 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians .
With about 1.8 billion followers (2015), almost a quarter of earth's population, [111] Islam is the second-largest and the fastest-growing religion in the world, [112] primarily due to the young age and high fertility rate of Muslims, [113] with Muslims having a rate of (3.1) compared to the world average of (2.5).
Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that there is only one God [1] and that Muhammad is His last Messenger. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Islam.
Twelver Shia Islam has five Usul al-Din and ten Furu al-Din, i.e., the Shia Islamic beliefs and practices. The Twelver Shia Islam Usul al-Din, equivalent to a Shia Five Pillars, are all beliefs considered foundational to Islam, and thus classified a bit differently from those listed above. [34] They are:
The history of Islam is believed by most historians [1] to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, [2] [3] although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, and Jesus, with the submission (Islām) to the will of God.
The terms Muslim world and Islamic world (Arabic: العالم الإسلامي, romanized: Al-ʿĀlam al-ʾIslāmī) commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah. This consists of all those who adhere to the religious beliefs, politics, and laws of Islam [1] or to societies in which Islam is practiced.
Quranism [128] or Quraniyya (Arabic: القرآنية; al-Qur'āniyya) is a quran only [129] [clarification needed] branch of Islam. It holds the belief that Islamic guidance and law should only be based on the Quran, thus opposing the religious authority and authenticity of the hadith literature.
Muslims regard him as an idol smasher, hanif, [111] an archetype of the perfect Muslim, and revered prophet and builder of the Kaaba in Mecca. [112] The Quran consistently refers to Islam as 'the religion of Abraham' (millat Ibrahim). [113] Besides Isaac and Jacob, Abraham is commonly considered an ideal father by Muslims. [114] [115] [116]