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Lobeline has been sold, in tablet form, for use as a smoking cessation aid, but scientific research has not provided supporting evidence for this use. [1] [2] [3] Lobeline has also been studied for the treatment of other drug addictions such as addiction to amphetamines, [4] [5] cocaine, [6] or alcohol; [7] however, there is limited clinical evidence of any efficacy.
Clonidine may reduce withdrawal symptoms and "approximately doubles abstinence rates when compared to a placebo," but its side effects include dry mouth and sedation, and abruptly stopping the drug can cause high blood pressure and other side effects. [46] [47] There is no good evidence anxiolytics are helpful. [48]
Alcohol detoxification (also known as detox) is the abrupt cessation of alcohol intake in individuals that have alcohol use disorder. This process is often coupled with substitution of drugs that have effects similar to the effects of alcohol in order to lessen the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal .
A new review of existing studies pinpoints the most effective strategies that can help a person quit smoking. These include a common anti-nicotine drug, a plant-based drug, and nicotine e-cigarettes.
Physical dependence is usually managed by a slow dose reduction over a period of weeks, months or sometimes longer depending on the drug, dose and the individual. [6] A physical dependence on alcohol is often managed with a cross tolerant drug, such as long acting benzodiazepines to manage the alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Peer-reviewed data and evidence-based practices do not govern how rehabilitation facilities work. There are very few reassuring medical degrees adorning their walls. Opiates, cocaine and alcohol each affect the brain in different ways, yet drug treatment facilities generally do not distinguish between the addictions.