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Pope Celestine V (Latin: Caelestinus V; 1209/1210 or 1215 – 19 May 1296), born Pietro Angelerio (according to some sources Angelario, Angelieri, Angelliero, or Angeleri), also known as Pietro da Morrone, Peter of Morrone, and Peter Celestine, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States for five months from 5 July to 13 December 1294, when he resigned.
A collection of popes have had violent deaths through the centuries. The circumstances have ranged from martyrdom (Pope Stephen I) to war (Lucius II), to a beating by a jealous husband (Pope John XII). A number of other popes have died under circumstances that some believe to be murder, but for which definitive evidence has not been found. Martyr popes This list is incomplete ; you can help by ...
After the death of Pope Nicholas IV on 4 April 1292, the eleven surviving cardinals (a twelfth died during the sede vacante) deliberated for more than two years before electing the third of six non-cardinals to be elected pope during the Late Middle Ages: Pietro da Morrone, who took the name Pope Celestine V. [1]
The cardinals disliked these rules; Pope Adrian V temporarily suspended them in 1276 and John XXI's Licet felicis recordationis revoked them later that same year. [21] [a] Lengthy elections resumed and continued to be the norm until 1294, when Pope Celestine V reinstated the 1274 rules. [22]
The 1294 papal conclave (23–24 December) was convoked in Naples after the resignation of Pope Celestine V on 13 December 1294. Celestine V had only months earlier restored the election procedures set forth in the papal bull Ubi periculum of Pope Gregory X, which had been suspended by Pope Adrian V in July 1276.
The most recently reigning Pope to have been canonised was Pope John Paul II, whose cause for canonisation was opened in May 2005. John Paul II was beatified on 1 May 2011, by Pope Benedict XVI and later canonised, along with Pope John XXIII, by Pope Francis on 27 April 2014. [1] Pope Francis also canonised Pope Paul VI on 14 October 2018.
[15] [16] [17] He was the first pope to relinquish the office since Gregory XII resigned to end the Western Schism in 1415 [18] and the first to do so on his own initiative since Celestine V in 1294. [19] His action was unexpected, [20] given that the modern era popes have held the position from election until death. [20]
Religious habit of the Celestine Order (18th century image). The Celestines were a Roman Catholic monastic order, a branch of the Benedictines, founded in 1244. [1] At the foundation of the new rule, they were called Hermits of St Damiano, or Moronites (or Murronites), and did not assume the appellation of Celestines until after the election of their founder, Peter of Morone (Pietro Murrone ...