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12th-century decades by country (10 C) Years of the 12th century by country (105 C) A. 12th century in the Abbasid Caliphate (2 C, 4 P) 12th century in al-Andalus (2 ...
The result was a local economic boom and a major uplift to 12th-century royal finances. [88] Tin mining was centred in Cornwall and Devon, exploiting alluvial deposits and governed by the special Stannary Courts and Parliaments. Tin formed a valuable export good, initially to Germany and then later in the 14th century to the Low Countries. [89]
The term "great power" has only been used in historiography and political science since the Congress of Vienna in 1815. [1]Lord Castlereagh, the British Foreign Secretary, first used the term in its diplomatic context in 1814 in reference to the Treaty of Chaumont.
Up until the 18th century, China and India were the two largest economies by GDP output. Maddison's Estimates GDP per capita in the Indian sub-continent, since 1600 [2] Around 500 BC, the Mahajanapadas minted punch-marked silver coins. [citation needed] The period was marked by intensive trade activity and urban development.
Wealth meant power for these super-sized countries. ... Historians estimate that Rome ruled 65 million subjects at the height of its power in the mid-second century — about 21% of the world’s ...
It accounted for 25.4% of global GDP in 1 CE, 29% of world global output in 1600 CE, 17.3% of the world's economy in 1870, and 33% in 1820 (its highest point). China's share of global GDP varied from a quarter to a third of global output until the late 19th century. [12]
From the 12th century to the 1970s, most Irish exports went to England. During this period, Ireland's main exports were foodstuffs. In the 20th century, Ireland's economy diversified and grew. It is now one of the richest countries in the world by GDP per capita.
Thus Song China was the richest country in the world by GDP per capita at the turn of the millennium, by the 14th century parts of Europe caught up with it and the significant gap between China and Europe appeared by the middle of the 18th century. [129]