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Damage to the auditory cortex in humans leads to a loss of any awareness of sound, but an ability to react reflexively to sounds remains as there is a great deal of subcortical processing in the auditory brainstem and midbrain. [13] [14] [15] Neurons in the auditory cortex are organized according to the frequency of sound to which they respond ...
Cortical deafness is a rare form of sensorineural hearing loss caused by damage to the primary auditory cortex.Cortical deafness is an auditory disorder where the patient is unable to hear sounds but has no apparent damage to the structures of the ear (see auditory system).
The auditosensory cortex defines Brodmann area 42, which is part of the primary auditory cortex.It is also known as the posterior transverse temporal area, [2] located superiorly within the temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
Language as a result is largely meaningless (a condition sometimes called fluent or jargon aphasia). Wernicke's area receives information from the auditory cortex, and functions to assign word meanings. [19] This is why damage to this area results in meaningless speech, often with paraphasic errors and newly created words or expressions.
There are two known biological mechanisms of NIHL from excessive sound intensity: damage to the structures called stereocilia that sit atop hair cells and respond to sound, and damage to the synapses that the auditory nerve makes with hair cells, also termed "hidden hearing loss". [79]
The auditory cortex is composed of Brodmann areas 41 and 42, also known as the anterior transverse temporal area 41 and the posterior transverse temporal area 42, respectively. Both areas act similarly and are integral in receiving and processing the signals transmitted from auditory receptors .
Brodmann areas 41 and 42 are parts of the primary auditory cortex.. Brodmann area 41 is also known as the anterior transverse temporal area 41 (H). It is a cytoarchitectonic division of the cerebral cortex occupying the anterior transverse temporal gyrus (H) in the bank of the lateral sulcus on the dorsal surface of the temporal lobe.
The primary auditory cortex is surrounded by secondary auditory cortex, and interconnects with it. These secondary areas interconnect with further processing areas in the superior temporal gyrus , in the dorsal bank of the superior temporal sulcus , and in the frontal lobe .