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According to formerly Roman Catholic Friedrich Heiler, the Lutheran Church is the proper via media between Roman Catholicism and Protestantism because of its emphasis upon doctrine and because it has preserved the Catholic doctrine of the Sacrament and its liturgical traditions in purer form than the Anglican Church in the Book of Common Prayer ...
Catholic Diocese of the Old Catholics in Germany – 0.02 million [329] [330] Old Catholic Church of the Netherlands – 0.01 million [331] Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland – 0.01 million [332] Old Catholic Church of Austria – 0.005 million [333] Old Catholic Church of the Czech Republic – 0.003 million [334] Union of Scranton ...
Historically, Lutherans were the majority, but Communist rule weakened Lutheranism much more than Catholicism, with the result that there are now only slightly more Lutherans than Catholics. The Latvian Orthodox Church is then-semi-autonomous and has 400,000 members. [10] Orthodoxy predominates among the Latvian Russian population.
Anglicanism is generally classified as Protestant, [16] [17] [57] being originally seen as a via media, or middle way between Lutheranism and Reformed Christianity, and since the Oxford Movement of the 19th century, some Anglican writers of Anglo-Catholic churchmanship emphasize a more catholic understanding of the church and characterize it as ...
Roman Catholicism was the sole established religion in the Holy Roman Empire until the advent of the Protestant Reformation changed this drastically. In the early 16th century abuses (such as selling indulgences in the Catholic Church) occasioned much discontent, and a general desire for reform emerged.
The Knights' War of 1522 was a revolt by a number of Protestant and religious humanist German knights led by Franz von Sickingen, against the Roman Catholic Church and the Holy Roman Emperor. It has also been called the "Poor Barons' Rebellion". The revolt was short-lived but would inspire the bloody German Peasants' War of 1524–1526.
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From 1545 to 1563, Roman Catholic officials met at the Council of Trent, as well as some Protestants, although they were not allowed to vote. The Lutheran response [8] to this council in turn came from Martin Chemnitz, who published the Examination of the Council of Trent from 1565 to 1573. [9]