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M2-PK, as measured in feces, is a potential tumor marker for colorectal cancer. When measured in feces with a cutoff value of 4 U/ml, its sensitivity has been estimated to be 85% (with a 95% confidence interval of 65 to 96%) for colon cancer and 56% (confidence interval 41–74%) for rectal cancer. [1] Its specificity is 95%. [2]
A tumor marker is a biomarker that can be used to indicate the presence of cancer or the behavior of cancers (measure progression or response to therapy). They can be found in bodily fluids or tissue. Markers can help with assessing prognosis, surveilling patients after surgical removal of tumors, and even predicting drug-response and monitor ...
The use of radiotherapy in colon cancer is not routine due to the sensitivity of the bowels to radiation. [156] Radiation therapy's side effects (and occurrence rates) include acute (27%) and late (17%) dermatological toxicities , acute (14%) and late (27%) gastrointestinal toxicities , [ 155 ] and late pelvic radiation disease (1-10%), e.g ...
A biomarker may be used to see how well the body responds to a treatment for a disease or condition. Also called molecular marker and signature molecule." [18] In cancer research and medicine, biomarkers are used in three primary ways: [19] To help diagnose conditions, as in the case of identifying early stage cancers (diagnostic)
[2] [1] Radiation proctitis most commonly occurs after pelvic radiation treatment for cancers such as cervical cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and rectal cancer. RAVE and chronic radiation proctopathy involves the lower intestine , primarily the sigmoid colon and the rectum, and was previously called chronic radiation proctitis, pelvic ...
Germ cell tumors. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) Bowel cancers: Occasional lung or breast cancer CA-125: Ovarian cancer: MUC-1: Breast cancer: Epithelial tumor antigen (ETA) Breast cancer: Tyrosinase: Malignant melanoma: normally present in minute quantities; greatly elevated levels in melanoma Melanoma-associated ...
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