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During the occupation of Germany by the Allies after World War II, the US Army designated the prison as War Criminal Prison No. 1 to hold convicted Nazi war criminals. [2] It was run and guarded by personnel from the United States Army's Military Police (MPs). The first condemned prisoners arrived at Landsberg prison in December 1945.
Adolf Hitler, chancellor and dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945, committed suicide via a gunshot to the head on 30 April 1945 in the Führerbunker in Berlin [a] after it became clear that Germany would lose the Battle of Berlin, which led to the end of World War II in Europe.
Adolf Hitler [a] (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, [c] becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then taking the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934.
Heinrich Himmler's corpse after his suicide by cyanide poisoning in Allied custody, May 1945. This is a list of suicides in Nazi Germany. Many prominent Nazis, Nazi followers, and members of the armed forces died by suicide during the last days of World War II. Others killed themselves after being captured.
Hitler's friend, favorite architect, and Minister of Armaments from 1942 until the end of the war. In this capacity, he was ultimately responsible for the use of slave laborers from the occupied territories in armaments production. He was considered a traitor by some defendants tried after learning of his plan to assassinate Adolf Hitler.
Motivating factors included fear of reprisals and atrocities by the Allies and especially the Soviets, Nazi propaganda glorifying suicide as preferable to defeat, and despondency after the Hitler's suicide. For example, in May 1945, up to 1,000 people killed themselves before and after the entry of the Red Army into the German town of Demmin. [2]
The Death of Adolf Hitler: Unknown Documents from Soviet Archives [a] is a 1968 book by Soviet journalist Lev Bezymenski, who served as an interpreter in the Battle of Berlin. The book gives details of the purported Soviet autopsies of Adolf Hitler, Eva Braun, Joseph and Magda Goebbels, their children, and General Hans Krebs.
Karl Dönitz (German: [ˈdøːnɪts] ⓘ; 16 September 1891 – 24 December 1980) was a German navy officer who, following Adolf Hitler's suicide, succeeded him as head of state of Nazi Germany in May 1945, holding the position until the dissolution of the Flensburg Government following Germany's unconditional surrender to the Allies days later.