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In aviation, a power transfer unit (PTU) is a device that transfers hydraulic power from one of an aircraft's hydraulic systems to another in the event that the other system has failed or been turned off. The PTU is used when, for example, there is right hydraulic system pressure but no left hydraulic system pressure.
Electro-hydraulic actuators (EHAs), replace hydraulic systems with self-contained actuators operated solely by electrical power. EHAs eliminate the need for separate hydraulic pumps and tubing, because they include their own pump, [1] simplifying system architectures and improving safety and reliability. This technology originally was developed ...
In carburetted engines the lever is called throttle lever and controls the mass flow rate of the air-fuel mixture delivered to the cylinders by the amount of throttle valve opening. In engines with fuel injection system, the lever is typically referred to as power lever and controls the amount of fuel that is injected into the cylinders.
A servo valve receives pressurized hydraulic fluid from a source, typically a hydraulic pump. It then transfers the fluid to a hydraulic cylinder in a closely controlled manner. Typically, the valve will move the spool proportionnaly to an electrical signal that it receives, indirectly controlling flow rate.
A typical ETC system consists of three major components: (i) an accelerator pedal module (ideally with two or more independent sensors), (ii) a throttle valve that can be opened and closed by an electric motor (sometimes referred to as an electric or electronic throttle body (ETB)), and (iii) a powertrain or engine control module (PCM or ECM). [4]
(Control system fatigue failures are here, but improperly installed or incorrectly adjusted controls in the next section.) United Airlines Flight 585, Boeing 737, March 3, 1991. The hydraulic servo that controlled the rudder had an un-commanded actuation, resulting in a "hardover" where the rudder unexpectedly reversed. All 20 passengers and 5 ...