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Bowel obstruction, also known as intestinal obstruction, is a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines which prevents the normal movement of the products of digestion. [2] [5] Either the small bowel or large bowel may be affected. [1] Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, bloating and not passing gas. [1]
Neonatal bowel obstruction (NBO) or neonatal intestinal obstruction is the most common surgical emergency in the neonatal period. [1] It may occur due to a variety of conditions and has an excellent outcome based on timely diagnosis and appropriate intervention .
Intestinal atresia is any congenital malformation of the structure of the intestine that causes bowel obstruction. The malformation can be a narrowing , absence or malrotation of a portion of the intestine. These defects can either occur in the small or large intestine.
In one large report on over 2000 patients who underwent STARR found that there was improvement in obstructed defecation symptoms and quality of life 12 months after the procedure. [ 15 ] 36% of patients had complications, such as defecatory urgency, bleeding, infections, pain, and fecal incontinence.
Most children develop signs and symptoms shortly after birth. However, others may be diagnosed later in infancy or early childhood. [4] [5] About half of all children with Hirschsprung's disease are diagnosed in the first year of life. [4] Complications may include enterocolitis, megacolon, bowel obstruction and intestinal perforation. [1] [2]
A volvulus is when a loop of intestine twists around itself and the mesentery that supports it, resulting in a bowel obstruction. [1] Symptoms include abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, vomiting, constipation, and bloody stool. [1] [2] Onset of symptoms may be rapid or more gradual. [2]
It is a common cause of bowel obstruction [1] and constipation. It is common in Asia, India (7% of intestinal obstruction) and especially South India because of the high fibre diet. It is a very common cause of large bowel obstruction in Peru and Bolivia due to high altitude. [2]
Duodenal atresia; Radiograph of abdomen with double-bubble sign from duodenal atresia: Specialty: Pediatric gastroenterology, Pediatric surgery: Symptoms: Antenatal period: polyhydramnios Neonatal period: bilious or non-bilious vomiting within first 36 hours of life, abdominal distension, lack of stooling