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Dogs have ear mobility that allows them to rapidly pinpoint the exact location of a sound. Eighteen or more muscles can tilt, rotate, raise, or lower a dog's ear. A dog can identify a sound's location much faster than a human can, as well as hear sounds at four times the distance. [41] Dogs can lose their hearing from age or an ear infection. [42]
Toenailing or skew-nailing is a viable, structurally sound method [1] of the driving of a nail at a roughly 30° [2] angle to fasten two pieces of wood together, typically with their grains perpendicular. The term comes colloquially from fastening wood at the bottom, or toe, of the board.
Flexion and extension are movements that affect the angle between two parts of the body. These terms come from the Latin words with the same meaning. [a] Flexion is a bending movement that decreases the angle between a segment and its proximal segment. [9] For example, bending the elbow, or clenching a hand into a fist, are examples of flexion ...
In terrestrial vertebrates, digitigrade (/ ˈ d ɪ dʒ ɪ t ɪ ˌ ɡ r eɪ d /) [1] locomotion is walking or running on the toes (from the Latin digitus, 'finger', and gradior, 'walk').A digitigrade animal is one that stands or walks with its toes (phalanges) on the ground, and the rest of its foot lifted.
Conformation in dogs refers solely to the externally visible details of a dog's structure and appearance, as defined in detail by each dog breed's written breed standard. [1] [2] [3] A dog that conforms to most of the items of description in its individual breed standard is said to have good conformation.
Canine terminology in this article refers only to dog terminology, specialized terms describing the characteristics of various external parts of the domestic dog, as well as terms for structure, movement, and temperament. This terminology is not typically used for any of the wild species or subspecies of wild wolves, foxes, coyotes, dholes ...
For example, children often misinterpret the body language of dogs, especially when such motions precede an aggressive behaviour. The Calming signals are often not noticed or not interpreted correctly to recognize early signs of stress in a dog. [20] As a result of these misinterpretations, children are most often the victims of dog bites.
The longitudinal axis is the force generating axis of the muscle and pennate fibers lie at an oblique angle. As tension increases in the muscle fibers, the pennation angle also increases. A greater pennation angle results in a smaller force being transmitted to the tendon. [9] Muscle architecture affects the force-velocity relationship.