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  2. Einstein's static universe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein's_static_universe

    Einstein's static universe, aka the Einstein universe or the Einstein static eternal universe, is a relativistic model of the universe proposed by Albert Einstein in 1917. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Shortly after completing the general theory of relativity , Einstein applied his new theory of gravity to the universe as a whole.

  3. Static universe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_universe

    In cosmology, a static universe (also referred to as stationary, infinite, static infinite or static eternal) is a cosmological model in which the universe is both spatially and temporally infinite, and space is neither expanding nor contracting. Such a universe does not have so-called spatial curvature; that is to say that it is 'flat' or ...

  4. Cosmological constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmological_constant

    The cosmological constant was originally introduced in Einstein's 1917 paper entitled “The cosmological considerations in the General Theory of Reality”. [2] Einstein included the cosmological constant as a term in his field equations for general relativity because he was dissatisfied that otherwise his equations did not allow for a static universe: gravity would cause a universe that was ...

  5. Steady-state model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steady-state_model

    In the Big Bang, the expanding Universe causes matter to dilute over time, while in the Steady-State Theory, continued matter creation ensures that the density remains constant over time. In cosmology , the steady-state model or steady-state theory is an alternative to the Big Bang theory.

  6. Cosmological principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmological_principle

    In modern physical cosmology, the cosmological principle is the notion that the spatial distribution of matter in the universe is uniformly isotropic and homogeneous when viewed on a large enough scale, since the forces are expected to act equally throughout the universe on a large scale, and should, therefore, produce no observable inequalities in the large-scale structuring over the course ...

  7. Einstein–de Sitter universe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein–de_sitter_universe

    The Einstein–de Sitter universe is a model of the universe proposed by Albert Einstein and Willem de Sitter in 1932. [1] On first learning of Edwin Hubble's discovery of a linear relation between the redshift of the galaxies and their distance, [2] Einstein set the cosmological constant to zero in the Friedmann equations, resulting in a model of the expanding universe known as the Friedmann ...

  8. Olbers's paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olbers's_Paradox

    The paradox is that a static, infinitely old universe with an infinite number of stars distributed in an infinitely large space would be bright rather than dark. [1] A view of a square section of four concentric shells. To show this, we divide the universe into a series of concentric shells, 1 light year thick.

  9. Cosmos - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmos

    The basic definition of Cosmology is the science of the origin and development of the universe. In modern astronomy, the Big Bang theory is the dominant postulation. Philosophy of cosmology is an expanding discipline, directed to the conceptual foundations of cosmology and the philosophical contemplation of the universe as a totality.