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Visual impairment is caused by factors including brain damage, vision loss, and others. [4] Of the vision rehabilitation techniques available, most center on neurological and physical approaches. According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, "Provision of, or referral to, vision rehabilitation is now the standard of care for all who ...
Cortical Visual Impairment: An Approach to Assessment and Intervention 2nd Ed. New York: AFB Press. ISBN 978-0891286882. Dutton GN, Lueck, AH (2015). Vision and the Brain: Understanding Cerebral Visual Impairment in Children. New York: AFB Press. ISBN 978-0891286394. OCLC 904801331. Dutton, Gordon N (2006).
The symptoms and signs associated with convergence insufficiency are related to prolonged, visually demanding, near-centered tasks. They may include, but are not limited to, diplopia (double vision), asthenopia (eye strain), transient blurred vision, difficulty sustaining near-visual function, abnormal fatigue, headache, and abnormal postural adaptation, among others.
An example of a neurological impairment is a cortical visual impairment (CVI) which is defined as "...abnormal or inefficient vision resulting from a problem or disorder affecting the parts of brain that provide sight". [67] The following section will discuss the role of occupational therapy when working with the visually impaired.
Visual or vision impairment (VI or VIP) is the partial or total inability of visual perception. In the absence of treatment such as corrective eyewear, assistive devices, and medical treatment, visual impairment may cause the individual difficulties with normal daily tasks, including reading and walking. [ 6 ]
Cortical blindness is the total or partial loss of vision in a normal-appearing eye caused by damage to the brain's occipital cortex. [1] Cortical blindness can be acquired or congenital, and may also be transient in certain instances. [2]
For patients with visuospatial dysgnosia, the information input may be strengthened by adding tactile, motor, and verbal perceptual inputs. This comes from the general occupational therapy practice of teaching clients with intellectual dysfunctions to use the most effective combinations of perceptual input modalities, which may enable them to complete a task.
UAPs also provide bedside care—including basic nursing procedures—all under the supervision of a registered nurse, licensed practical nurse or other health care professional. UAPs must demonstrate their ability and competence before gaining any expanded responsibilities in a clinical setting.