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MRI scans showing hyperintensities. A hyperintensity or T2 hyperintensity is an area of high intensity on types of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brain of a human or of another mammal that reflect lesions produced largely by demyelination and axonal loss.
Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) is a magnetic resonance imaging sequence with an inversion recovery set to null fluids. For example, it can be used in brain imaging to suppress cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) effects on the image, so as to bring out the periventricular hyperintense lesions, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) plaques. [ 1 ]
The term "leukoaraiosis" was coined in 1986 [6] [7] by Hachinski, Potter, and Merskey as a descriptive term for rarefaction ("araiosis") of the white matter, showing up as decreased density on CT and increased signal intensity on T2/FLAIR sequences (white matter hyperintensities) performed as part of MRI brain scans.
ARIA MRI Classification Criteria [11] ARIA Type Radiographic Severity Mild Moderate Severe ARIA-E Edema: FLAIR hyperintensity confined to sulcus and/or cortex/subcortical white matter in one location < 5 cm FLAIR hyperintensity 5 to 10 cm, or more than 1 site of involvement, each measuring < 10 cm
Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) [2] is an inversion-recovery pulse sequence used to nullify the signal from fluids. For example, it can be used in brain imaging to suppress cerebrospinal fluid so as to bring out periventricular hyperintense lesions, such as multiple sclerosis plaques.
Fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) vascular hyperintensity (FVH) is a radiographic marker seen on brain imaging in acute ischaemic stroke. FVH can be used as a proxy for slow leptomeningeal collateral blood flow, and may help reveal which areas of brain tissue are potentially salvageable.
The diagnosis is typically made with magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. The findings most characteristic for PRES are symmetrical hyperintensities on T 2-weighed imaging in the parietal and occipital lobes; this pattern is present in more than half of all cases. [1] [3] FLAIR sequences can be better at showing these abnormalities. [4]
Dawson's Fingers appearing on an MRI scan. Multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) produce lesions (demyelinated areas in the CNS) and glial scars or scleroses. They present different shapes and histological findings according to the underlying condition that produces them.