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On February 5, 1840, the Texas Congress passed an act that contradicted the act of 1837, reiterating the prohibition on free people of color emigrating into the then Republic of Texas. There also was an addition to the 1836 provision that ordered all free slaves and people of color "who are now in this Republic" to leave by January 1, 1842 ...
In Texas, laws required separate water fountains, restrooms, and waiting rooms in railroad stations. [15] In Georgia, restaurants and taverns could not serve white and "colored" patrons in the same room; separate parks for each race were required, as were separate cemeteries. [16] These are just examples from a large number of similar laws.
During Reconstruction, such laws were repealed in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida, Texas and South Carolina. In all these states such laws were reinstated after the Democratic "Redeemers" came to power. The Supreme Court declared such laws constitutional in 1883. This verdict was overturned only in 1967 by Loving v.
Apartheid is distinguished from segregation in other countries by the systematic way in which it was formalized in law. Segregationist legislation before apartheid Although apartheid as a comprehensive legislative project truly began after the National Party came into power in 1948, many of these statutes were preceded by the laws of the ...
Enacted three miscegenation laws between 1809 and 1913, and a 1952 statute that required adoption petitions to state the race of both the petitioner and child. A 1913 miscegenation law broadened the list of races unacceptable as marriage partners for whites to include persons belonging to the "African, Korean, Malayan, or Mongolian race."
A North Texas federal court judge issued a preliminary injunction July 11 in response to an amended complaint from Texas challenging the new U.S. Education Department Title IX rules. The decision ...
In 1876 Texas adopted a new constitution requiring segregated schools and imposing a poll tax, which decreased the number of poor voters both black and white. [52] By the late 19th century, Texas passed other Jim Crow laws. The system of school support was inadequate, and schools for racial minorities were seriously underfunded.
Texas is one of 22 states that sued the Biden administration over the expanded protections set to go into effect Aug. 1, arguing that the Education Department exceeded its authority by extending ...