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Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): when derived from methane and ethane these compounds have the formulae CCl m F 4−m and C 2 Cl m F 6−m, where m is nonzero. Hydro-chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs): when derived from methane and ethane these compounds have the formula CCl m F n H 4−m−n and C 2 Cl x F y H 6−x−y, where m, n, x, and y are nonzero.
Only methyl chloride, which is one of the halocarbons, has a mainly natural source, [40] and it is responsible for about 20% of the chlorine in the stratosphere; the remaining 80% comes from man-made sources. [41] Chlorofluorocarbons, in contrast, are insoluble and long-lived, allowing them to reach the stratosphere.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other halogenated ozone-depleting substances (ODS) are mainly responsible for man-made chemical ozone depletion. The total amount of effective halogens (chlorine and bromine) in the stratosphere can be calculated and are known as the equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine (EESC).
Its main source remained uncertain, but production of hydrofluorocarbons in East Asia was suspected. [4] Between 2012 and 2017, concentrations of the gas jumped by 40 percent. [ 5 ] In 2020, the global mean concentration of CFC-113a was 1.02 parts per trillion with global emissions of 2.5 ± 0.4 ODP-Gg yr −1 .
Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) have a relatively short lifetime in the atmosphere – a few days to a few decades – and a powerful warming influence on climate.. The main short-lived climate pollutants are black carbon, methane and tropospheric ozone, which are the most important contributors to the human enhancement of the global greenhouse effect after C
Thomas Midgley Jr. (May 18, 1889 – November 2, 1944) was an American mechanical and chemical engineer.He played a major role in developing leaded gasoline (tetraethyl lead) and some of the first chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), better known in the United States by the brand name Freon; both products were later banned from common use due to their harmful impact on human health and the environment.
Image credits: Sasha Weilbaker #7 Solar Panels. While both solar panels and plant leaves harvest energy from the sun, a team at Princeton University took biomimicry in solar panels a step further ...
1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b) is a haloalkane with the chemical formula C H 3 C Cl F 2.It belongs to the hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) family of man-made compounds that contribute significantly to both ozone depletion and global warming when released into the environment.
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