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Estonia's principal markets became Scandinavia, the United Kingdom, and western Europe, with some exports to the United States and to the Soviet Union. The first constitution of the Republic of Estonia, adopted in 1920, established a parliamentary form of government.
First gymnasium is established in Estonia in Tartu. [3] 1630: Gustav Adolf Gymnasium is established in Tallinn (being the oldest continuously operating secondary school in Estonia). [3] 1630: First printer is established in Estonia in Tallinn. [3] 1632: Foundation of the University of Tartu under Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus. 1645: 13 August
A puppet Estonian Self-Administration was established, and occupied Estonia was merged into Reichskommissariat Ostland. [174] About a thousand Estonian Jews were killed in 1941 and numerous forced labour camps were established. [175]
Established as a parliamentary democracy, legislative power was held by a 100-seat parliament or Riigikogu. Executive power was held by a government headed by a State Elder , separate from the office of Prime Minister , and both answerable to the parliament.
On December 22, 1885, "Daijo-kan No. 69" were established, and the Cabinet system was established in place of the Daijo-kan system. 11 February 660 BC Traditional founding date of the imperial dynasty by Emperor Jimmu. 15 May 1972: Return of the Ryukyu Islands to Japan and abolition of the United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu ...
Part of this was the Young Estonia movement, established in 1905. [4] Following the February Revolution of the Russian Revolution, the Russian Provisional Government incorporated the Governorate of Livonia into Estonia, and also formed the Estonian Provincial Assembly, which organised elections in 1917. [5]
The Republic of Estonia gained its independence from the Russian Empire on 24 February 1918 and established diplomatic relations with many countries via membership of the League of Nations. The forcible incorporation of Estonia into the Soviet Union in 1940 was not generally recognised by the international community and the Estonian diplomatic ...
However, Estonia's independence came to a de facto end during World War II when the country was illegally occupied and annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940, then by Nazi Germany in 1941, before it was returned to Soviet rule in 1944 when it became the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic. As a result, a government in exile was established.