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Benzalkonium chloride is a frequently used preservative in eye drops. Typical concentrations range from 0.004% to 0.01%. [17] Stronger concentrations can be caustic [18] and cause irreversible damage to the corneal endothelium. [19] Avoiding the use of benzalkonium chloride solutions while contact lenses are in place is discussed in the literature.
Timolol is light-sensitive; it is usually preserved with 0.01% benzalkonium chloride (BAC), but also comes BAC-free. It can also be used in combination with pilocarpine, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors [19] or prostaglandin analogs. [20]
In addition, benzalkonium chloride has a cellular toxicity on caliciform cells, entailing a reduction in the amount of mucin, an additional reason for disrupting the tear film. [ 1 ] In fact, none of the cycloplegic drops used to treat Spasm of Accommodation in the United States are available without BAK.
Leader Lubricant Eye Drops 15 ml (single pack), NDC number 70000-0090-1. Leader Dry Eye Relief 10 ml, NDC number 70000-0088-1. Leader Eye Irritation Relief 15 ml, NDC number 70000-0087-1.
The CDC said recalled EzriCare and other eyedrops have been linked to more deaths and vision loss because rare bacterial infections.
The company Alcon Laboratories, maker of a popular brand of eye drops, recalled some of its nationwide stock on Dec. 23, after discovering a fungal contamination in one of its products.
The most commonly used penetration enhancers in ocular formulations are benzalkonium chloride and ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA). Benzalkonium chloride is often used as an antimicrobial preservative in eye drops [7] and EDTA is used as a chelating agent.
Since carbachol is poorly absorbed through topical administration, benzalkonium chloride is mixed in to promote absorption. [3] Carbachol is a parasympathomimetic that stimulates both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. [3] In topical ocular and intraocular administration its principal effects are miosis and increased aqueous humour outflow. [3]