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Letter addition/subtraction - People with dyslexia may perceive a word with letters added, subtracted, or repeated. This can lead to confusion between two words containing most of the same letters. Highly phoneticized spelling - People with dyslexia also commonly spell words inconsistently, but in a highly phonetic form, such as writing "shud ...
Although it is a genetic disorder, there is no specific locus in the brain for reading and writing. The human brain does have language centers (for spoken and gestural communication), but written language is a cultural artifact, and a very complex one requiring brain regions designed to recognize and interpret written symbols as representations ...
In Psychology, confusion is the quality or emotional state of being bewildered or unclear. The term "acute mental confusion" [ 1 ] is often used interchangeably with delirium [ 2 ] in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems and the Medical Subject Headings publications to describe the pathology .
Dysorthography is a disorder of spelling which accompanies dyslexia by a direct consequence of the phonological disorder. [1] [2] In the American classification from the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and the classification from the World Health Organization (WHO), it is a subtype of specific learning disorder with impairment in written expression.
310.8 Other specific nonpsychotic mental disorders following organic brain damage (Include: other focal (partial) organic psychosyndromes) 310.9 Unspecified specific nonpsychotic mental disorders following organic brain damage; 311 Depressive disorder, not elsewhere classified (Include: depressive disorder NOS, depressive state NOS, depression NOS)
Delirium (formerly acute confusional state, an ambiguous term that is now discouraged) [1] is a specific state of acute confusion attributable to the direct physiological consequence of a medical condition, effects of a psychoactive substance, or multiple causes, which usually develops over the course of hours to days.
Agnosia is a neurological disorder characterized by an inability to process sensory information. Often there is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds , shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor is there any significant memory loss . [ 1 ]
These risk factors of confusional arousals are somehow related to mental disorders and medical conditions and affecting mostly younger subjects regardless of gender. [2] [8] [24] Precipitating factors include sleep deprivation, use of hypnotics or tranquilisers before bedtime, and sudden awakening from sleep (e.g., telephone ringing, alarm ...