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The performed elections in China do not meet free and fair election criteria such as ballot access and political media access. [48] Freedom of political speech and freedom of political assembly are all severely restricted by the government. [49] [50] The general Chinese public has virtually no say on how the top leaders of the country are elected.
China's fiscal budget has four parts: general fiscal budget, budget for government funds, budget for operating income of state-owned capital, and social insurance budget. [ 40 ] : 353 The largest part is the general fiscal budget, which is a unitary budget that is allocated between central fiscal and local fiscal budgets.
The system of people's congress (Chinese: 人民代表大会制度; pinyin: Rénmín Dàibiǎo Dàhuì Zhìdù) under the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is the form of government of the People's Republic of China (PRC), and is based on the principle of unified power, in which all state powers are vested in the National People's Congress (NPC).
The CCP has also used other terms to officially describe China's system of government including "socialist consultative democracy", and whole-process people's democracy. [42] According to the CCP theoretical journal Qiushi , "[c]onsultative democracy was created by the CPC and the Chinese people as a form of socialist democracy. ...
This version has subsequently been called the "1954 Constitution". The 1954 Constitution included a preamble and 106 articles organised into four chapters. [4]: 67 It specified a government structure remarkably similar to the current system. Chapter Two of the 1954 Constitution set up a system of government composed of six structural parts.
The 1982 State Constitution provided a legal basis for the broad changes in China's social and economic institutions and significantly revised government structure. The posts of President and Vice President (which were abolished in the 1975 and 1978 constitutions) are re-established in the 1982 Constitution.
Last year, China was rocked by a surge of corruption probes ensnaring individuals from a vice central bank governor to a former chairman of its biggest oil and gas company, adding to unease in an ...
The constitution has articles to protect the equality of different races and the political rights of racial groups in frontier regions. However, since some provinces similar to China proper have been created on Manchuria and Xinjiang. Only the protection of local autonomy in Inner Mongolian Area, [21] and Tibet Area were regulated explicitly.