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The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and the activator of the transcription pathway were at the centre of attention for driving hyperinflammation in COVID-19, i.e., the SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers hyperinflammation through the JAK/STAT pathway, resulting in the recruitment of dendritic cells, macrophages, and natural killer (NK) cells, as ...
Janus kinase 2 (commonly called JAK2) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase.It is a member of the Janus kinase family and has been implicated in signaling by members of the type II cytokine receptor family (e.g. interferon receptors), the GM-CSF receptor family (IL-3R, IL-5R and GM-CSF-R), the gp130 receptor family (e.g., IL-6R), and the single chain receptors (e.g. Epo-R, Tpo-R, GH-R, PRL-R).
The Wnt signaling pathway; The JAK-STAT signaling pathway; The Adrenergic receptor Pathways; The Acetylcholine receptor Pathways; The Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade; Conversely, negative cascades include events that are in a circular fashion, or can cause or be caused by multiple events. [8] Negative cascades include: Ischemic cascade
Janus kinase (JAK) is a family of intracellular, non-receptor tyrosine kinases that transduce cytokine-mediated signals via the JAK-STAT pathway.They were initially named "just another kinase" 1 and 2 (since they were just two of many discoveries in a PCR-based screen of kinases), [1] but were ultimately published as "Janus kinase".
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events. Proteins responsible for detecting stimuli are generally termed receptors , although in some cases the term sensor is used. [ 1 ]
This gene encodes a protein that is a transmembrane receptor for growth hormone. [10] [11] Binding of growth hormone to the receptor leads to reorientation of a pre-assembled receptor dimer dimerization (the receptor may however also exist as monomers on the cell surface [12]) and the activation of an intra- and intercellular signal transduction pathway leading to growth. [13]
The mammalian JAK family has four members: JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2). [7] The connection between Jaks and cytokine signaling was first revealed when a screen for genes involved in interferon type I (IFN-1) signaling identified TYK2 as an essential element, which is activated by an array of cytokine receptors. [10]
In biology, cell signaling (cell signalling in British English) is the process by which a cell interacts with itself, other cells, and the environment. Cell signaling is a fundamental property of all cellular life in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Typically, the signaling process involves three components: the signal, the receptor, and the effector.