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The right paratracheal stripe is also important to assess, as it can reflect a process in the posterior mediastinum, in particular the spine or paraspinal soft tissues; normally it should measure 3 mm or less. The left paratracheal stripe is more variable and only seen in 25% of normal patients on posteroanterior views. [7]
It is a radiographic term for the enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes and is most commonly identified by a chest x-ray. Causes. The following are causes of BHL: [1]
EUS can reliably reach the lymph node stations 5, 7, 8 and 9. In the superior mediastinum the trachea is somewhat to the right of the esophagus which makes it often possible to reach left-sided area 2 and 4 lymph nodes and, less often, right sided paratracheal lymph nodes. [33]
The right and left [citation needed] paratracheal lymph nodes (or paratracheal chains [citation needed]) are lymph nodes in the neck [1] situated lateral to the trachea and esophagus alongside the recurrent laryngeal nerve. They drain to the deep cervical lymph nodes. [2]
Intrathoracic nodes are enlarged in 75 to 90% of all people; usually this involves the hilar nodes, but the paratracheal nodes are commonly involved. Peripheral lymphadenopathy is very common, particularly involving the cervical (the most common head and neck manifestation of the disease), axillary, epitrochlear, and inguinal nodes. [ 71 ]
Azygos lobe on chest X-ray. Arrowheads show the delineation of the lobe. Arrow points to the azygos vein. In human anatomy, an azygos lobe is a normal anatomical variation of the upper lobe of the right lung. [1] It is seen in 0.3% of the population. [2]
Projectional radiography, also known as conventional radiography, [1] is a form of radiography and medical imaging that produces two-dimensional images by X-ray radiation.The image acquisition is generally performed by radiographers, and the images are often examined by radiologists.
Ground-glass opacity (GGO) is a finding seen on chest x-ray (radiograph) or computed tomography (CT) imaging of the lungs. It is typically defined as an area of hazy opacification (x-ray) or increased attenuation (CT) due to air displacement by fluid, airway collapse, fibrosis , or a neoplastic process . [ 1 ]