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Levee § Natural levees; Meander – One of a series of curves in a channel of a matured stream; Oxbow lake – U-shaped lake or pool left by an ancient river meander; Pendant bar – fluvial landform formed on the downstream side of a weathering-resistant protrusion
The side of a levee in Sacramento, California. A levee (/ ˈ l ɛ v i / or / ˈ l ɛ v eɪ /), [a] [1] dike (American English), dyke (British English; see spelling differences), embankment, floodbank, or stop bank is an elevated ridge, natural or artificial, alongside the banks of a river, often intended to protect against flooding of the area adjoining the river.
Levees form as a result of the flooding process. Large amounts of rainfall cause the river to become too full during the flooding, where it overflows, carrying sediments into the floodplain. [ 2 ] As the flooding slows and stops, the sediments are deposited, with the largest deposited closer to the river channel and the smaller ones deposited ...
Higher rates were found on the levees (4 kg/m 2 or more) and on low-lying areas (1.6 kg/m 2). [8] Sedimentation from the overbank flow is concentrated on natural levees, crevasse splays, and in wetlands and shallow lakes of flood basins. Natural levees are ridges along river banks that form from rapid deposition from the overbank flow.
Flood (2001) defines a channel-levee system as a single channel with a levee at each side. [13] These levees are formed by the overspilling and flow stripping of turbidity currents. These are most likely to occur during sea level lowstands. A collection of these channels and levees along with overbank sediments form a channel-levee complex.
Levee 29 featured four flood control gates that controlled all the water entering Everglades National Park; before construction, water flowed in through open drain pipes. The period from 1962 to 1965 was one of drought for the Everglades, and Levee 29 remained closed to allow the Biscayne Aquifer —the fresh water source for South Florida—to ...
The Glossary of Landform and Geologic Terms, maintained by the United States National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS), defines an "alluvial plain" as "a large assemblage of fluvial landforms (braided streams, terraces, etc.) that form a low gradient, regional ramps along the flanks of mountains and extend great distances from their sources (e.g ...
Levee failures, also known as breaches, can be caused by overtopping or structural failure. One of the most recent examples of levee failure in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta occurred in June 2004 when a levee breach caused more than 150,000 acre-feet (190,000,000 m 3) of water to flood the entire island of Jones Tract. [39]