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Polyhydramnios is a medical condition describing an excess of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac.It is seen in about 1% of pregnancies. [1] [2] [3] It is typically diagnosed when the amniotic fluid index (AFI) is greater than 24 cm. [4] [5] There are two clinical varieties of polyhydramnios: chronic polyhydramnios where excess amniotic fluid accumulates gradually, and acute polyhydramnios ...
Twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence is a rare condition that may occur when twins sharing a single placenta develop significant vascular cross-connections, known as anastomoses, resulting in blood flowing away from one twin to the other. [23] This process can result in polyhydramnios in one twin and oligohydramnios in the other twin. [23]
It is associated with polyhydramnios in the third trimester. [9] Diagnosis. This condition may be visible, after about 26 weeks, on an ultrasound. On antenatal USG ...
Amniotic fluid index (AFI) is a quantitative estimate of amniotic fluid [1] and an indicator of fetal well-being. It is a separate measurement from the biophysical profile. [1]
The fetal symptoms are related to fluid retention, including ascites and polyhydramnios. [3] Fetal hydrops suggests the presence of an important and probably fatal fetal pathology . It can be associated with parvovirus B19 infection and with twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome .
Placental abruption defined as the separation of the placenta from the uterus prior to delivery, is a major cause of third trimester vaginal bleeding and complicates about 1% of pregnancies. [13] [50] Symptomatic presentations are variable: Some women can entirely ignore the symptoms, while others have mild bleeding or abdominal discomfort and ...
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), also known as feto-fetal transfusion syndrome (FFTS), twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence (TOPS) and stuck twin syndrome, is a complication of monochorionic multiple pregnancies (the most common form of identical twin pregnancy) in which there is disproportionate blood supply between the fetuses.
In the first trimester, cystic hygroma and thickened nuchal translucency may be observed. Macrosomia, macrocephaly, enlarged kidneys, macroglossia, cardiac abnormalities, and visceromegaly may become evident by the second and third trimesters. [1] [3] Polyhydramnios is frequently observed. [2]