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Vietnamese also has 14 vowel nuclei, and 6 tones that are integral to the interpretation of the language. Older interpretations of Vietnamese tones differentiated between "sharp" and "heavy" entering and departing tones. This article is a technical description of the sound system of the Vietnamese language, including phonetics and phonology.
Vietnamese (tiếng Việt) is an Austroasiatic language spoken primarily in Vietnam where it is the official language. It belongs to the Vietic subgroup of the Austroasiatic language family. [5] Vietnamese is spoken natively by around 85 million people, [1] several times as many as the rest of the Austroasiatic family combined. [6]
Additionally, a Vietnamese word may consist of a single morpheme or more than one morpheme. Polymorphemic words are either compound words or words consisting of stems plus affixes or reduplicants. [2] Most Vietnamese morphemes consist of only one syllable. [3] Polysyllabic morphemes tend to be borrowings from other languages. Examples follow:
Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary (Vietnamese: từ Hán Việt, Chữ Hán: 詞漢越, literally 'Chinese-Vietnamese words') is a layer of about 3,000 monosyllabic morphemes of the Vietnamese language borrowed from Literary Chinese with consistent pronunciations based on Middle Chinese. Compounds using these morphemes are used extensively in cultural ...
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Vietnamese on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Vietnamese in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
One of the distinctive feature of Central Vietnamese and Quảng Nam accent is the use of a different set of particles and pronouns, making it stand apart from Northern and Southern Vietnamese. For example, chi, mô, tê, răng and rứa (what, where, that, why and thus) are used instead of gì, đâu, kìa, sao and vậy in Standard Vietnamese.
Vietnamese uses 22 letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet.The 4 remaining letters aren't considered part of the Vietnamese alphabet although they are used to write loanwords, languages of other ethnic groups in the country based on Vietnamese phonetics to differentiate the meanings or even Vietnamese dialects, for example: dz or z for southerner pronunciation of v in standard Vietnamese.
Laminal denti-alveolar. See Turkish phonology: Ukrainian [31] [32] брат [brɑt̪] 'brother' Laminal denti-alveolar. See Ukrainian phonology: Uzbek [33] [example needed] – Laminal denti-alveolar. Slightly aspirated before vowels. [33] Vietnamese [34] tuần [t̪wən˨˩] 'week' Laminal denti-alveolar, contrasts with aspirated form. See ...