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For the example above, diatomic nitrogen (approximating air) at 300 K, = [note 2] and = % % /, the true value for air can be approximated by using the average molar weight of air (29 g/mol), yielding 347 m/s at 300 K (corrections for variable humidity are of the order of 0.1% to 0.6%).
Thus, the ratio of the kinetic energy to the absolute temperature of an ideal monatomic gas can be calculated easily: per mole: 12.47 J/K; per molecule: 20.7 yJ/K = 129 μeV/K; At standard temperature (273.15 K), the kinetic energy can also be obtained: per mole: 3406 J; per molecule: 5.65 zJ = 35.2 meV.
Thus the average kinetic energy of the particle is 3 / 2 k B T, as in the example of noble gases above. More generally, in a monatomic ideal gas the total energy consists purely of (translational) kinetic energy: by assumption, the particles have no internal degrees of freedom and move independently of one another.
Free recoil / Frecoil is a vernacular term or jargon for recoil energy of a firearm not supported from behind. Free recoil denotes the translational kinetic energy (E t) imparted to the shooter of a small arm when discharged and is expressed in joules (J), or foot-pound force (ft·lb f) for non-SI units of measure.
The Boltzmann constant (k B or k) is the proportionality factor that relates the average relative thermal energy of particles in a gas with the thermodynamic temperature of the gas. [2] It occurs in the definitions of the kelvin (K) and the gas constant , in Planck's law of black-body radiation and Boltzmann's entropy formula , and is used in ...
The general equation can then be written as [6] = + + (),. where the "force" term corresponds to the forces exerted on the particles by an external influence (not by the particles themselves), the "diff" term represents the diffusion of particles, and "coll" is the collision term – accounting for the forces acting between particles in collisions.
As a collection of classical material particles, the temperature is a measure of the mean energy of motion, called translational kinetic energy, of the particles, whether in solids, liquids, gases, or plasmas. The kinetic energy, a concept of classical mechanics, is half the mass of a particle times its speed squared. In this mechanical ...
Kinetic energy of an average person jumping as high as they can [83] [84] [85] 3.3×10 2 J: Energy to melt 1 g of ice [86] > 3.6×10 2 J: Kinetic energy of 800 gram [87] standard men's javelin thrown at > 30 m/s [88] by elite javelin throwers [89] 5–20×10 2 J: Energy output of a typical photography studio strobe light in a single flash [90 ...