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The equipment required is a colorimeter, some cuvettes and a suitable color reagent. The process may be automated, e.g. by the use of an AutoAnalyzer or by flow injection analysis. Recently, colorimetric analyses developed for colorimeters have been adapted for use with plate readers to speed up analysis and reduce the waste stream. [1]
A colorimeter or a digital camera with a color filter array can, under certain conditions, be used as an alternative to a spectrophotometer. [7] [8] The illuminant and observer conditions should be specified when citing a measurement (e.g. D65/10°). [9] The quality of a colorimeter may be assessed using the means in CIE publication 179:2007. [10]
Colorimetry is "the science and technology used to quantify and describe physically the human color perception". [1] It is similar to spectrophotometry, but is distinguished by its interest in reducing spectra to the physical correlates of color perception, most often the CIE 1931 XYZ color space tristimulus values and related quantities.
Integral color sensors [12] use a color filter array fabricated on top of a single monochrome CCD or CMOS image sensor. The most common color filter array pattern, the Bayer pattern, uses a checkerboard arrangement of two green pixels for each red and blue pixel, although many other color filter patterns have been developed, including patterns ...
The sensor colors shown are only examples. In practice, the color attributes of each output pixel using this sensor result from the camera's image processing algorithms, which use a matrix process to construct a single RGB color from all the data sensed by the photodiode stack. [2]
Demosaicing (or de-mosaicing, demosaicking), also known as color reconstruction, is a digital image processing algorithm used to reconstruct a full color image from the incomplete color samples output from an image sensor overlaid with a color filter array (CFA) such as a Bayer filter. It is also known as CFA interpolation or debayering.
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The Fujifilm X-Trans CMOS sensor used in many Fujifilm X-series cameras is claimed [13] to provide better resistance to color moiré than the Bayer filter, and as such they can be made without an anti-aliasing filter. This in turn allows cameras using the sensor to achieve a higher resolution with the same megapixel count.