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The seal-making device is also referred to as the seal matrix or die; the imprint it creates as the seal impression (or, more rarely, the sealing). [1] If the impression is made purely as a relief resulting from the greater pressure on the paper where the high parts of the matrix touch, the seal is known as a dry seal ; in other cases ink or ...
James's successors, William III and Mary II, used the same seal matrix in their new Great Seal. This may have been a deliberate choice, in order to imply the continuity of government. A new obverse was created, but the reverse was crudely adapted by inserting a female figure beside the male figure.
Later seals continued to depict equestrian images as their central motif. The castle appeared for the first time on the reverse of pendent seals. The first preserved seal impression with the castle dates from 1176, contained in a document located in the Toledo Cathedral. The matrix of this seal dates back before 1171, as indicated by its typology.
Heraldry developed in the High Middle Ages based on earlier traditions of visual identification by means of seals, field signs, emblems used on coins, etc. Notably, lions that would subsequently appear in 12th-century coats of arms of European nobility have pre-figurations in the animal style of ancient art (specifically the style of Scythian art as it developed from c. the 7th century BC).
The dagger symbol originated from a variant of the obelus, originally depicted by a plain line − or a line with one or two dots ÷. [7] It represented an iron roasting spit, a dart, or the sharp end of a javelin, [8] symbolizing the skewering or cutting out of dubious matter. [9] [10] [11]
The Great Seal features an image of a Celtic harp surrounded by Celtic knotwork and the words "SAORSTÁT ÉIREANN" in Gaelic script.The die comprises an inscribed copper matrix to be placed over the document to be sealed, and a counterpart relief steel patrix to be placed under it. [6]
The Great Seal of Scotland is the principal national symbol of Scotland that allows the monarch to authorise official documents without having to sign each document individually. Wax is melted in a metal mould or matrix and impressed into a wax figure that is attached by cord or ribbon to documents that the monarch wishes to make official.
Hawise's seal matrix was discovered in Oswestry in the 19th century. It shows a standing female wearing a loose-fitting kirtle, a flowing mantle, cap and gorget, and a pair of pointed shoes. In her right hand she holds a shield with the arms of her husband, and in her left hand the shield of her natal Lestrange family.