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Analysis of the two versions of the leaky bucket algorithm shows that the version as a queue is a special case of the version as a meter. Imagine a traffic shaping function for fixed-length packets that is implemented using a fixed-length queue, forming a delay element, which is serviced using a leaky bucket as a meter.
The leaky bucket as a queue is therefore applicable only to traffic shaping, and does not, in general, allow the output packet stream to be bursty, i.e. it is jitter free. It is therefore significantly different from the token bucket algorithm. These two versions of the leaky bucket algorithm have both been described in the literature under the ...
The model applies the leaky bucket algorithm to a stochastic source. The model was first introduced by Pat Moran in 1954 where a discrete-time model was considered. [7] [8] [9] Fluid queues allow arrivals to be continuous rather than discrete, as in models like the M/M/1 and M/G/1 queues.
AIMD combines linear growth of the congestion window when there is no congestion with an exponential reduction when congestion is detected. Multiple flows using AIMD congestion control will eventually converge to an equal usage of a shared link. [ 1 ]
In computer networking, delay-gradient congestion control refers to a class of congestion control algorithms, which react to the differences in round-trip delay time (RTT), as opposed to classical congestion control methods, which react to packet loss [1] or an RTT threshold being exceeded.
Like TCP Vegas, FAST TCP [2] [3] uses queueing delay instead of loss probability as a congestion signal. Most current congestion control algorithms detect congestion and slow down when they discover that packets are being dropped, so that the average sending rate depends on the loss probability. This has two drawbacks.
The TCP congestion-avoidance algorithm is the primary basis for congestion control in the Internet. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Per the end-to-end principle , congestion control is largely a function of internet hosts , not the network itself.
TCP Westwood relies on mining the ACK stream for information to help it better set the congestion control parameters: Slow Start Threshold (ssthresh), and Congestion Window (cwin). In TCP Westwood, an "Eligible Rate" is estimated and used by the sender to update ssthresh and cwin upon loss indication, or during its "Agile Probing" phase, a ...