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The dental pellicle, or acquired pellicle, is a protein film that forms on the surface enamel, dentin, artificial crowns, and bridges by selective binding of glycoproteins from saliva that prevents continuous deposition of salivary calcium phosphate. It forms in seconds after a tooth is cleaned, or after chewing.
An acquired pellicle is a layer of saliva that is composed of mainly glycoproteins and forms shortly after cleaning of the teeth or exposure of new teeth. [7] Bacteria then attach to the pellicle layer, form micro-colonies, and mature on the tooth, which can result in oral diseases.
In permanent teeth, the enamel rods near the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) tilt slightly toward the root of the tooth. Understanding enamel orientation is very important in restorative dentistry, because enamel unsupported by underlying dentin is prone to fracture. [10] The area around the enamel rod is known as interrod enamel.
It can be found in various products which include chewing gums and lozenges. Xylitol has been found to reduce mutans streptococci in plaque and saliva and reduce the binding of these to the acquired enamel pellicle. [10] This in turn leads to less adherent plaque and a decrease in acid production. [10]
It is this adherence to non-shedding surfaces that allows bacteria in a dental biofilm to have unique characteristics of clinical significance. The stages of biofilm formation: Formation of an acquired pellicle: involves selective absorption of salivary and GCF molecules through an electrostatic affinity with hydroxyapatite. [20]
Toothpaste with pyrophosphates or zinc citrate has been shown to produce a statistically significant reduction in plaque accumulation, but the effect of zinc citrate is so modest that its clinical importance is questionable. [28] [29] Some calculus may form even without plaque deposits, by direct mineralisation of the pellicle.
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Pellicle (biology), a thin layer supporting the cell membrane in various protozoa; Pellicle mirror, a thin plastic membrane which may be used as a beam splitter or protective cover in optical systems; Pellicle (dental), the thin layer of salivary glycoproteins deposited on the teeth of many species through normal biologic processes