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There is no known effective treatment or antidote for ciguatera poisoning. The mainstay of treatment is supportive care. There is some evidence that calcium channel blockers like nifedipine and verapamil are effective in treating some of the symptoms that remain after the initial sickness passes, such as poor circulation and shooting pains ...
Such poisoning from ciguatoxins is known as ciguatera. Ciguatoxins are lipophilic , able to cross the blood–brain barrier , and can cause both central and peripheral neurologic symptoms. The major symptoms will develop within 1–3 hours of toxin ingestion: vomiting, diarrhea, numbness of extremities, mouth and lips, reversal of hot and cold ...
This hypothesis was proven by Helfrich and Banner, [2] who also showed that the toxin has no effect on fish, both herbivorous and carnivorous. Ciguatoxin-1 was first discovered in 1967 by Scheuer et al [3] when studying ciguatera fish responsible for food poisoning. Later on, in 1977 Yasumoto et al isolated the compound from Dinoflagellates and ...
Ciguatera is found in algae that grows on coral reefs in tropical and subtropical waters like those surrounding the Keys. Fish that feed off the reef ingest the toxin in their flesh, and it moves ...
Symptoms of ciguatera fish poisoning in humans include several effects which are mainly gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurological. [3] The symptoms of acute ciguatera fish poisoning can already start 30 minutes after eating contaminated fish. [3] [11] However, in milder cases the first symptoms arise 24 to 48 hours later. [3]
Gambierdiscus toxicus is a species of photosynthetic unicellular eukaryote belonging to the Alveolata, part of the SAR supergroup.It is a dinoflagellate which can cause the foodborne illness ciguatera, [1] and is known to produce several natural polyethers including ciguatoxin, maitotoxin, gambieric acid, and gambierol.
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Treatment is generally with antihistamines such as diphenhydramine and ranitidine. [2] Epinephrine may be used for severe symptoms. [3] Along with ciguatera fish poisoning, it is one of the most common type of seafood poisoning. [2] It occurs globally in both temperate and tropical waters. [2] Only one death has been reported. [3]