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Macadamia is an evergreen genus that grows 2–12 m (7–40 ft) tall.. The leaves are arranged in whorls of three to six, lanceolate to obovate or elliptic in shape, 60–300 mm (2 + 1 ⁄ 2 –12 in) long and 30–130 mm (1 + 1 ⁄ 8 – 5 + 1 ⁄ 8 in) broad, with an entire or spiny-serrated margin.
Macadamia oil, also known as macadamia nut oil, is a non-volatile oil extracted from the nuts of the macadamia tree (Macadamia integrifolia), indigenous to Australia. This oil is used in culinary applications as a frying or salad oil, and in cosmetics for its emollient properties and as a fragrance fixative .
Macadamia integrifolia trees grow to 15 metres (49 ft) in height. The leaves are simple, oblong in shape, glossy, entire with wavy leaf margins and are 20 centimetres (8 in) long and 10 cm wide. [3] The flowers are white or pink followed by woody, edible rounded fruits [4] which are 2 to 3.5 cm in diameter.
It is the largest branded macadamia nut company in the world, with a portfolio of brands that includes Hawaiian Host, Mauna Loa, MacFarms, KOHO, and Kapua Orchards. Sold in over 23 countries, HHG produces a suite of products ranging from flavored macadamia nuts to artisan chocolates, and macadamia milk-based ice cream.
Macadamia tetraphylla was the first Australian native food plant to be grown by non-indigenous Australians as a commercial crop. The first commercial plantation of macadamia trees were planted in the early 1880s by Charles Staff at Rous Mill, 12 km southeast of Lismore, New South Wales, consisting of M. tetraphylla. [4]
Macadamia ternifolia is a small multi-stemmed tree which grows up to 8 m tall. The narrowly ovate adult leaves are in whorls of three on a stalk which is 4–10 mm long. [ 3 ] Each leaf is 9–12.5 cm long, 2–3.5 cm wide and is dull above and paler below. [ 3 ]
Mauna Loa Macadamia Nut Corporation is the world's largest processor of macadamia seeds. The American company was a subsidiary of The Hershey Company from 2004 to 2015, when it was acquired by Hawaiian Host , Inc. [ 1 ] The company takes its name from the volcano Mauna Loa .
The production standard for a mature C. ovatum tree is between 100 and 150 kg (220 and 330 lb) of in-shell nut, with the harvest season from May to October and peaking between June and August. There are high variations in kernel qualities and production between seedling trees.